Title= The affect of the melting technique on the melting rate of ice.

Problem Scenario=

Broad Question

What is the best technique to melt ice

Specific Question=

does the melting technique affect the melting rate of ice?

Hypothesis =

I think that salt will melt the ice the fastest.

Graph of Hypothesis=

Variables

Independent Variable:

melting technique

Dependent Variable:

Amount of salt used

Variables That Need To Be Controlled:

The amount of salt, The temperature of the heated water

Vocabulary List That Needs Explanation

---

---

---

---

General Plan

Experimental Design

I will set this experiment up by testing if salt (regular) will melt ice faster than a warm water in about an hour an a half.

Resources and Budget Table

Data Table

---

---

---

---

Background Research

In this next paragraph i will research three things. i will research the affect of salt on several different items, i will research why we measure heat plus what it is, and finally we will measure the melting rate of ice.

When you add salt to water you introduce dissolved particles into the water. The more of the particles that are added the lower the freezing point of the water. it will become lower until the point where the salt stops dissolving. When you are making ice cream the temperature needs to be below 32 degrees Fahrenheit, The ice cream won’t freeze other wise so a mixture of salt and ice will lower the temperature of the freezing rate to below 32 degrees. This is the same reason the highway department spreads salt on the roads in the winter so it will lower the melting rate so the ice and snow on the road will melt faster. The rock salt that some recipes call for is to put on the ice in the ice cream freezer, not in the ice cream. This makes the ice melt -- which draws heat out of the ice cream quicker.

Ice melts only when the temperature is above 32 degrees Fahrenheit.

A table to the left will show the three types of degree measurements Kelvin Celcuis and Fahrenheit. these three measurements were the last names of the inventors who created these methods of measuring heat and they named them after themselves. oK = 273.15 + oC oC = (5/9)*(oF-32) oF = (9/5)*oC+32

	oF	oC	oK
Water boils	212	100	373
Room Temperature	72	23	296
Water Freezes	32	0	273
Absolute Zero	-460	-273	0

References

"Melting Snow & Ice With Salt." About.com Chemistry. Web. 22 Mar. 2012. <http://chemistry.about.com/cs/howthingswork/a/aa120703a.htm>.

"Why Do They Use Salt to Melt Ice on the Road in the Winter?" HowStuffWorks. Web. 26 Apr. 2012. <http://science.howstuffworks.com/nature/climate-weather/atmospheric/road-salt.htm>.

"How Do We Measure Temperature?" Welcome to Cool Cosmos! Web. 27 Apr. 2012. <http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/light_lessons/thermal/measure.html>

"Ice Measurements and Safety." Home. Web. 27 Apr. 2012. <http://www.yellowknife.ca/City_Hall

/Departments/Public_Safety/Fire_Division/IceMeasurementsSafety.html>.

"What Does Salt Do to Ice Cream?" WikiAnswers. Answers. Web. 26 Apr. 2012

Detailed Procedure

we will freeze four cups full of water with the temperature probe in them. then we place two of the cups in the warm water set the logger lite so it records the temperature of the ice every 1/2 minute for two hours. then do the same thing with the salt but make sure you have twenty five grams of salt the the salt in the water set the record thing and wait.

---

---

---

---

---

Results

All Raw Data

Graphs

Photo List

decrease size

---

---

---

---

---

Data Analysis

The purpose of this experiment was to find out if warm water or salt melting ice faster I found out that warm water melts it faster and salt takes forever to melt ice. Trial 1 (water) showed that the temperature never went below zero but with the salt trial (trial two) was under zero 90% of the time. My graph in words is basically the temperature for the water trial started at 4.7 degrees and it ended at 8.2 degrees. The salt trial started at 1 degree and ended below 0 degrees so i think that the salt was not melting it but i think it was just making it freeze faster.

Conclusion

---

---

---

---

---

Discussion

An interesting trend that has to do with mine is that when i did the salt trial the temperature actually went down then went up. There is a relationship between the variables its a weak relationship because one of the data sets goes up gradually and the other goes down over time. I actually did answer the experiment question but my hypothesis was way off because i predicted that the salt would melt it the fastest. my data was not corrupted i did have some errors with the data collecting but in the end i got it all collected. This experiment cant really be used to advance understanding of things or to solve problems because it is a basic experiment. Scientists could use this information to further research the affect of salt on ice and to see if different types of salt affect the melting rate like sea salt or table salt . This could be more advanced if we had a bigger block of ice and maybe a longer time period to measure and more salt could be poured on the blocks of ice . My research could benefit the study of ice and salt.

Benefit to Community and/or Science

The purpose of this experiment "was" to show that salt melts ice faster but it turns out from my background research that salt actually lowers the freezing point of ice and from my data from my experiment that warm water melts ice faster.

Abstract

Does technique affect the melting rate of ice?

I will test this by having four cups of frozen water, a temperature probe, and salt. We will have the four temperature probes inside the cups of ice and we will measure the temperature of the ice every half minute that will be the heat trial after then we do the salt trial which is exactly the same as the heat trial.This process will require some patience because it will be taking over an hour. In my research I have found that when you add salt to water you introduce dissolved particles into the water, and The more of the particles that are added the lower the freezing point of the water will be. It will become lower until the point where the salt stops dissolving.We will freeze four cups full of water with the temperature probe in them. then we place two of the cups in the warm water set the logger lite so it records the temperature of the ice every 1/2 minute for 85 . Then do the same thing with the salt but make sure you have twenty five grams of salt. Then put the salt in the water set the record thing and wait. My results prove my hypothesis wrong. Turns out that the warm water melted the ice faster than the salt did.

An interesting trend that has to do with mine is that when i did the salt trial the temperature actually went down then increased. The relationship between the variables is weak because the salt trial went down gradually and with the water trial it stayed centered it did go down but then it shot right back up after. I actually did answer the experiment question but my hypothesis was off because I predicted that the salt would melt the ice the fastest. My data was not corrupted, and I actually did have some errors with the data collecting but in the end I got it all collected. This experiment cant really be used to advance understanding of things or to solve problems because it is a basic experiment. Scientists could use this information to further research the affect of salt on ice. This could be more advanced if we had a bigger cup of ice and maybe a longer time period to measure and more salt could be poured on the cups of ice . another way this experiment could be better is if i had used more materials like sea salt and other kinds of salt not just table.My research could benefit the study of salt and its affect on ice.

to advance understanding of things, or to solve some problem